Python 3.10.4 高级编程技巧：官方文档新特性与高效开发实践

def process_data(data):
    if isinstance(data, int):
        return data * 
    elif isinstance(data, str):
        return data.upper()
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        return len(data)
    else:
        return None

def process_data(data):
    match data:
        case int(n):
            return n * 
        case str(s):
            return s.upper()
        case list(items):
            return len(items)
        case _:
            return None

class Point:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

point = Point(, )
match point:
    case Point(x=, y=):
        print("原点")
    case Point(x=x_val, y=x_val):
        print(f"在y=x直线上，坐标({x_val}, {x_val})")
    case Point(x, y):
        print(f"其他点，坐标({x}, {y})")

from typing import TypeAlias

Vector: TypeAlias = list[float]

def calculate_length(v: Vector) -> float:
    return sum(x** for x in v) ** 0.5

def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
    return a + b

# 错误用法，传入字符串
result = add("1", "2")

import math

def calculate():
    # 优化前，每次循环都访问全局的math.sqrt
    return [math.sqrt(x) for x in range()]

def optimized_calculate():
    # 优化后，缓存math.sqrt到局部变量
    sqrt = math.sqrt
    return [sqrt(x) for x in range()]

import re

# 预编译正则表达式
pattern = re.compile(r'\d+')

def process_text(text):
    return pattern.findall(text)

# 列表推导式，一次性生成所有元素
squares = [x** for x in range()]

# 生成器表达式，按需生成
squares_gen = (x** for x in range())

import aiohttp
import asyncio

async def fetch(url):
    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
        async with session.get(url) as response:
            return await response.text()

async def main():
    urls = ['https://example.com'] * 
    tasks = [fetch(url) for url in urls]
    results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
    print(results)

asyncio.run(main())

from multiprocessing import Pool

def square(x):
    return x**

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with Pool() as p:
        results = p.map(square, range())
    print(results)

match value:
    case int(n) if n %  == :
        print(f"偶数：{n}")
    case int(n):
        print(f"奇数：{n}")
    case str(s) if len(s) > :
        print(f"长字符串：{s}")
    case str(s):
        print(f"短字符串：{s}")
    case _:
        print("其他类型")

import cProfile

def my_function():
    # 要分析的代码
    pass

cProfile.run('my_function()')

from line_profiler import LineProfiler

def my_function():
    # 要分析的代码
    pass

lp = LineProfiler(my_function)
lp.run()
lp.print_stats()